Intellectual and Cognitive Development free essay sample

Intellectual and Cognitive Development Explain the sequence and rate of development Age Range 0-3 Months Babies at this age are learning a lot about their parents they are beginning to recognise the sound of their voices, especially Mums voice and smell, they may stop crying when Mums voice is heard. 3-6 Months Objects and toys become very interesting to babies at this time. Toys are explored with fingers and mouth. They are very alert. 6-9 Months Around this time babies will cry when their primary carer leaves the room but then around 8 or 9 moths learn that people and objects do not disappear but continue to exist even when they are out of sight. 1-2 Years At this time in their life they recognise routines throughout the day, babies may get excited when they see a familiar face or toy or when a bib is put on for feeding. They enjoy toys that they put things in to containers and out again, they may pull off hats and socks repeatedly. We will write a custom essay sample on Intellectual and Cognitive Development or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They also respond well to brothers and sisters. 2-4 Years Children begin to know what they like and play with the same games over and over again. They like pretend play games like drinking from an empty cup or dressing up in clothes of their heros. 4-7 Years This is the age they gain load of confidence and co-ordination. They start school and learn to read, write and count they also do simple maths. -12 Years By this age children are well co-ordinated, the way children think and reason is reflected in their play, they are much more organised and focused. 12-16 Years Children of this age have learnt how to solve problems and have an understanding of reasoning. 16-19 Years Decisions have to be made at this tae of ones life, if to stay in education or to find a job. If leaving your familiar environment you have to embrace new settings, rules and people.

Influential High School Novels Essays

Influential High School Novels Essays Influential High School Novels Essay Influential High School Novels Essay Essay Topic: 7th Grade 9th Grade High School The Giver When I was in 7th grade, I read a book that completely changed my perspective on todays society. The same thing happened to me when I was in 9th grade. Two completely different books, the Giver and To Kill a Mockingbird both showed me different sides of life, one set in the far future, and one set in the far past. To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee teaches us many lessons that are still relevant today and will be for all of the time. The Giver, by Lois Lowry, does the same but in a different way. Something very common that both books share is the fact that they both are banned from numerous schools due to language, violence, religious viewpoints, or just being unsuited to the assigned age group. To Kill a Mockingbird is so important for our children, and their children, and many more future generations, simply because of the lessons taught from the story. The writing isn’t the best, and the story certainly isn’t anything to behold, but the things that Jem, Scout, and Atticus teach us will always be very insightful, and show us concepts we may miss out on today. Jem teaches us how growing up is quite awful, and he does this by losing all sense of his innocence during tom Robinson’s trial. Jem seeing an innocent man convicted really hurts him, and forces him to grow up in a way no child really should. Scout still has a bit by the end of the novel, and she shows us how that is something we need to cherish and not take for granted, ever. Atticus teaches us about standing up for what’s right and how our beliefs, no matter how small, are so important. These three influential characters have showed me how I’ve been shaped by what I stand by. My c hildhood innocence, in a way, still remains, though alarge portion of it is gone. We lose our innocence through experience, and the best teacher for that lesson is Jem Finch. He shows us how we may think we know a lot about people and things, but we really don’t until we’ve experien

A Look at the Changes Women Go through as Depicted in Willy Russell’s Movie, Educating Rita

A Look at the Changes Women Go through as Depicted in Willy Russell’s Movie, Educating Rita Belonging is the term used to the individual and to involve something new who gets the feeling of the security where the members may feel included, accepted, related, fit in, conformed and subscribed, which enhance their wellbeing with the feeling of getting education in the part of the beauty of all literatures. You discover that your longings are universal longings, that youre not lonely and isolated from anyone. You belong to Substantial experiences which people lives to have the opportunities for growth and development of getting education to change the demarche in their life and starts to sit on the swivel chair as the upper class family as most of other peoples. Going ‘into the world’ means moving from familiar experiences to new horizons or vanishing points. When going from familiar experiences to new ones, obstructions are usually overcome before being totally successful. Individuals might be given advice and/or guided through the transformation to reaching be ne w horizons and a Great rewards of opportunities also come about while going through the process of growth and development as the script of Educating Rita written by Willy Russell on 1970, about the transformation of a woman going into the world. The great proof for the persuasion of the statement, as well as a visual text of a movie called, Rabbit proof fence in Australia, These two texts are the express aspect of belonging to new place, family, Culture regulation and commandment. Although Rita knows that intellectual enlightenment is important to her education which provides much more to her, Rita’s education is not restricted to scholastic learning alone and her transformation from the uneducated low person to the educated Susan and all encompassing. She sees and understands the importance of being well educated, but for her to get education helps she to overcome her background and break away from the traditional role expected of a woman in the 1970s. Rita has set herself on a course of self-discovery, she has a determination to control her own life and make her own choices and believes it’s the education that will give her these choices and the value of education that goes far beyond simple intellectual enlightenment. Education entirely changes Rita which, though she is prepared for a change, affects her life enormously. Rita’s background has held her back and put her at a disadvantage. There was a great deal of research done in the 1970s to show that middle class children were far more likely to do well at school and to go on to university than working-class children like Rita. Rita’s schooling disadvantage is shown in her recollection of school life: â€Å"As a proven sentence in the book† â€Å"†¦borin’, ripped-up books, broken glass everywhere, knives an’ fights. An’ that was just in the staffroom. Nah, they tried their best I suppose, always tellin’ us we stood more of a chance if we studied. But studyin’ was just for the whimps, wasn’t it? See, if I’d started takin’ school seriously I would have had to become different from me mates, an’ that’s not allowed.† Rita always uses an Informal Slang language consisting of words and expressions that are not considered appropriate for formal occasions. Rita felt the need to conform to the way everyone around her lived their lives until she realized that there was a way out. The class antagonism that pressures Rita can be seen through language misunderstandings between Frank and Rita: Frank: You are? Rita: What am I? Frank: Pardon? Rita: What? Frank: Now you are? Rita: I’m a what? Education is the only way Rita can fulfil her desire to overcome the working class background she has been born into so she feels that through education she can break away from the traditional expectations placed on a working class woman in the 70s. Pressures and influences on Rita and mostly from her family, in particular her husband. â€Å"I told him I’d only have a baby when I had choice. But he doesn’t understand.† Another influence on Rita to become educated and resist conforming to the stereotypical working class woman is Rita’s mother: â€Å"†¦when I looked round me mother had stopped singin’, an’ she was cryin’†¦I said , ‘Why are y’ cryin’, Mother?’ She said, ‘Because- because we could sing better songs than those.’†¦And that’s why I came back. And that’s why I’m staying.† (P46) Rita came to believe that she wasn’t just doing this for herself, she was doing it for all the women like her mother who never had the chance to make something of themselves, who were forced to fill the traditional ‘house-wife role’. Education is Rita’s ‘journey of self-discovery’ to fill the void in her life. This path of self-discovery is central to the play, through education Rita searches for the answers to life: â€Å"I’ve begun to find me-an’ it’s great y’ know†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (P33) Rita has a strong determination to control her own life by making her own choices and this is what she believes education will provide her with. Rita feels the need for confidence and the ability to gain independence to make her own choices so By the end of the play Rita knows that education has given her the freedom of choice: â€Å"†¦I had a choice. I chose me. Because of what you’d given me I had a choice.† (P72) As the result, there were many different difficulties which she had to handle throughout the choice of choosing herself, and the main of was discovering the strong symbolic message when she find her difficulties of opening the door into Professor â€Å"Frank† Office and the image of struggling in the road of knowledge. The power of choice is very important to Rita, as it is the basis to all her motives for becoming educated. Rita feels that education is valuable as it extends her range of choices and would lead to her ability to make informed decisions. Rita sought to change herself entirely and she felt she could use education to do this: â€Å"†¦these womens, you see, they come to the hairdresser’s cos they wanna be changed. But if you want to change y’ have to do it from the inside, don’t y? Know like I’m doin’.† (P11) Rita’s transformation can be seen in the original story of Pygmalion. For example the statue in Pygmalion transforms from ivory to flesh and in a metaphorical sense Rita transforms from flesh to ivory. ‘Flesh’ referring to her uniqueness and down to earth nature and ‘ivory’ referring to her character being sculptured to society’s mold. Although Rita feels that the change within her, brought by education is for the best, Frank feels responsible for Rita’s loss of individuality. Frank sees Rita’s change as the creation of a monster: â€Å"You know, Rita, I think- I think that like you I shall change my name; from now on I shall insist upon being known as Mary, Mary Shelley- do you understand that allusion, Rita?† (P68) Through education Rita acquired an entire change. To Rita, education is more than intellectual enlightenment. Rita sought to change herself, to provide herself with options and she used education to do this. Rita felt that she understood the true value of a formal education and what it can gain for its recipient. Though Frank was disappointed with the results, Rita obtained what she desired. Education filled a void in Rita’s life, which set her on her way to discover herself. Rita seeked to improve herself from the working class, and the question we are asked at the end of the play is both whether Rita succeeded, and whether it is even possible.

Critical analysis of research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Critical analysis of - Research Paper Example Especially, play has proved to be a very effective way to understand and treat the children suffering from childhood abuse and trauma. The therapy that uses play as a means to treat people suffering from behavioral and personality problem is called as ‘play therapy’. Play therapy can be defined as â€Å"a helping interaction between a trained adult therapist and a child for the purpose of relieving the child’s emotional distress by using the symbolic communication of play† (Webb, 2007). However, it is important to know that ‘pleasure’ is not the only aspect of play that makes it so effective a method to treat people with behavioral problems. The question is what aspects of ‘play therapy’ make it an effective therapy to treat children suffering from childhood abuse and trauma? Knowing and understanding the aspects of play therapy that makes it effective in treating children suffering from trauma not only will make the treatment effe ctive but also can save a lot of time of treatment. Play therapy (PT) has been used as an effective method to treat children suffering from trauma caused by childhood abuse of sexual and physical nature. According to Mann and McDermott (1983), even though play therapy has been used successfully to treat the emotional and behavioral problems visible in children, a systematic guideline regarding the use of PT to assess and treat the children has not yet been introduced (White & Allers, 1994). Even in the absence of systematic guidelines or large number of studies, the researchers have been successful in understanding those aspects that make PT an effective therapy to treat children suffering from trauma and to build a solid foundation for a healthy and positive growth of their personality in the future. Howard has found that children suffering from childhood abuse and trauma display a specific behavior pattern during the play which reveals a lot about their maladjustments

Taxation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Taxation - Essay Example This way, a universally applicable tax framework will serve to eliminate tax avoidance issues. Another argument for this proposal is based on the premise that; the establishment of such a global universally applicable tax framework will create transparent and comparable information in financial statements (Gassen & Sellhorn, 2006:n.p.). This is because, when all countries and consequent all organizations are applying a globally universal tax framework, they will produce similar and comparable financial statements in all respects, which will then enhance transparency, and consequently help end tax avoidance issues (Ault & Arnold, 2010:47). The application of a universal tax framework globally, will bring a convergence of the International Financial Standards and the accepted National Accounting Standards in different countries worldwide (Ball, R., Kothari & Robin, 2000:44). The convergence of the two set principles will the seal the possible loopholes applied for tax avoidance. First, the regulatory frameworks of different countries in relation to taxation are very different, with some taxable aspects of the incomes and revenues within some countries being exempted from tax in other countries (Hope, 2003:236). This means that establishing a universal taxation system will eventually create inherent flawed tax accounts, which are not suitable for the purpose of inspection by the authorities (Nobes, 2002:72). While financial statements are made for the purpose of the stakeholders of any organization, tax accounts are purely prepared for the purpose of authority inspection and in fulfillment of the necessary tax obligations (Barth & Lang, 2008:469). Therefore, the establishment of one international tax framework will eventually create a conflict between financial accounting and tax accounting. Another argument against the proposal is that; a universal global tax

Pros & Cons of Television Essay Example for Free

Pros Cons of Television Essay For most people, watching television Is an enjoyable way to spend time. It Is an undemanding activity that passes the time and there are very few families that dont own at least one television. Since so many people now own a television, there has been a proliferation in the number of channels available and shows to watch, so that you can quite easily find yourself spending hours in front to the television. Consequently, you may neglect other activities that need doing. Thus, although television may help to ease boredom. Here are also some negative aspects associated with watching television. Breaking news shown live on your TV Global news network allows the latest global events to be aired worldwide and beamed directly to your living room. Examples (from top-left, clockwise) include September 1 lath attack, 2004 Tsunami in Indonesia, 2008 HINDI outbreak and 2011 earthquake In Japan. Pros of watching television The positive aspects of watching television include that you have something to talk to friends and relatives about. There are certain programs which are more popular than there and If you watch them you feel Included and that you have something In common with the people around you. Television can help to foster a sense of national identity, since a significant proportion of the population will be exposed to the same kinds of news programs and television shows, so that people feel that they belong to a wider community. Plus, television can also be Informative and educational, opening peoples eyes up to the world outside. Educational TV programs Educational TV programs provide priceless information that not only educate but also pens up your mind. Most of these programs teach and educate people on subjects that you may otherwise will not know and are never taught in schools. Non-educational TV programs However, there are also a lot of television shows that are not very educational, and could even be considered trash. Reality shows, for Instance, offer nothing of any worth to the audience. Yet people still tune in. People get hooked on shows which are poorly produced and concentrate mostly on issues of sex and violence. Although here is no conclusive evidence that watching violence on television makes children tofu people would become desensitizing to it, and that this could make it easier for children to engage in violent activities. Watching too much TV can lead to weight gain, poor social skills and lower academic results Unsupervised children spending too much of their time in front of a TV can have a big impact on their life. Obesity, lack of social skills and poor academic results are Just some of the effects TV have on children. Some psychologist believe that too such TV time can have a major effect in the psychology of the child. Children are suppose to interact and play, not sit and watch. Poor parenting and weight gain It is also evident that many people spend too much time watching television, so that parents dont bother to spend any time playing or talking with their children. It is far easier to stick them in front of the television, rather than taking them to the park. It cant be a coincidence that so many people are now overweight when they spend much more time watching television than they would have done years ago. People seed to be a lot more active, but now television is the most convenient way for individuals to keep themselves occupied. Thus, they burn hardly any calories while most probably consuming an excessive amount of calories. Its addictive Even though there are many negative aspects associated with watching television, many people enjoy television far too much to reduce the amount they watch or to avoid watching television altogether. People enjoy not having to think for themselves and to be able to sit down and watch something that helps them to relax, so why would they change?

Drowsy Driving: A Health Promotion Teaching Tool Proposal Essay

Drowsy Driving: A Health Promotion Teaching Tool Proposal This paper is a proposal for a health promotion teaching tool to raise awareness of the dangers of drowsy driving and to provide some tips and hints to help people reduce their risk and increase their safety while driving. The target audience is primarily the status post motor vehicle accident patient recovering as an inpatient on the medical/surgical unit of New London Hospital. However, there may be a useful spill-over effect and this tool could also be used by families and visitors to the Medical Surgical unit. The tool would be available on the medical/surgical unit of the hospital in the form of a tri-fold color pamphlet, placed in a hallway between the patient rooms and the rehabilitation gym. The expected outcome is that after picking up and reading the tool, patients would be more aware of the risks and hazards of drowsy driving and make choices to reduce their risk and increase their personal safety when driving. DROWSY DRIVING In the past several decades, our society has grown from a ‘one for the road’ attitude to a zero tolerance approach to driving while intoxicated. A quick look at the evening news shows us that many different states considering measures to prevent texting while driving, and ‘distracted driving’ is now a phase in common use. We understand the dangers of driving under the influence, texting while driving and distracted driving; however, drowsy driving continues to be a problem on our roads. Needs assessment Between 1998 and 2008, 16.5% of fatal car accidents in the US involved a drowsy driver, and 13% of non-fatal accidents where at least one person was admitted to the hospital involved a drowsy d... ... the American Medical Association .1998; 279(23):1908-1913. doi:10.1001/jama.279.23.1908. Microsoft. (2014) Test Your Documents Readability. Retrieved from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/word-help/test-your-document-s-readability-HP010148506.aspx#BM2 National Highway Safety and Traffic Administration (n.d.) Drowsy Driving and Automobile Crashes. Retrieved from: http://www.nhtsa.gov/people/injury/drowsy_driving1/drowsy.html Tefft, B., (2012). Prevalence of Motor Vehicle Crashes Involving Drowsy Drivers, United States, 1999-2008. Accident Analysis and Prevention. 45(2012) 180-186. http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.snhu.edu/10.1016/j.aap.2011.05.028 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2013). Healthy People 2020 Initiatives: Injury and violence prevention. Retrieved from: http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/objectiveslist.aspx?topicId=24

Five Women Who Changed History English Literature Essay

Five adult females in history have influenced the manner adult females are seen in our society today. They are Sacagawea, Julia Boggs Dent Grant, Anne Hutchinson, Abigail Adams, and Harriet Beecher Stowe. Julia Boggs Dent Grant pushed her hubby, Ulysses Grant, to go president and so became an of import advisor to him. Anne Hutchinson lived in the colonial times of America ‘s history. One of the first New England colonists to oppugn the authorization of the Puritan leaders in spiritual affairs, Anne Hutchinson prefers to follow her scruples to blind obeisance. She helped develop the construct of spiritual freedom. Abigail Adams, the married woman of John Adams, was an advocator of adult females ‘s rights and in a missive, to her hubby, wrote, â€Å" Remember the ladies. † Harriet Beecher Stowe is an writer and an emancipationist. When Lewis and Clark asked Sacagawea ‘s hubby to their translator on their journey, he agreed merely if Sacagawea was allowed to com e along. Lewis and Clark agreed because they thought her presence would talk good to the Indians they would meet during their escapade through the Wild West. Womans have existed alongside work forces for around 10,000 old ages, but work forces, in history books, have ever had the limelight on their workss, their journeys, and their lives, but adult females are the anchor of our society, now and so. Much of Sacagawea ‘s life is a enigma and is full of guess. She was born around 1788. She is the girl of a Shoshone head and is born in Lemhi County, Idaho. Around the age of 10, Hidatsa Indians, an enemy of the Shoshones, captured Sacagawea. They brought her back to their small town in upper Missouri. A Gallic Canadian trapper, named Toussaint Charbonneau, came along, purchased Sacagawea and another confined miss to be his married womans. Lewis and Clark really asked Toussaint to be their translator for their journey, but for him to travel Sacagawea would hold to come along every bit good. They agreed to that trade. Lewis and Clark hoped that Sacagawea ‘s mere presence would assist the Indians be friendlier to them. Sacagawea gave birth to her first boy on the route with her hubby, Lewis and Clark. She named him Jean Baptiste Charbonneau and Clark gave him the moniker Pomp. ( PBS ) When the group found themselves every bit far as they could travel on pes, Lewis left to h appen a Shoshone set, which he hoped to derive Equus caballuss from them. This is what Lewis wrote about the twenty-four hours they went to acquire Equus caballuss from the Shoshone set, â€Å" aˆÂ ¦We shortly drew near to the cantonment, and merely as we approached it a adult female made her manner through the crowd towards Sacajawea, and acknowledging each other, they embraced with the most tender fondness. The meeting of these two immature adult females had in it something particularly touching, non merely in the fervent mode in which their feelings were expressed, but from the existent involvement of their state of affairs. . . Clark and Lewis shortly after met with the head. . . After this the conference was to be opened, and sword lily of an chance of being able to discourse more clearly, Sacajawea was sent for ; she came into the collapsible shelter, sat down, and was get downing to construe, when in the individual of Cameahwait she recognized her brother: She immediate ly jumped up, and ran and embraced him, throwing over him her cover and crying abundantly: The head was himself moved, though non in the same grade. After some conversation between them she resumed her place, and attempted to construe for us, but her new state of affairs seemed to overmaster her, and she was often interrupted by her cryings † ( Lewis, Meriwether ) . Sacagawea, in this transition, is evidently happy to see him, but alternatively of merely traveling back to her folk, she decides to go on her journey with them. After this, it is non precisely rather clear what happened to Sacagawea. Some say she died of â€Å" putrid febrility † tardily in 1812 with her hubby in St. Louis. Others suspect that she returned to her folk and died there sometime around 1884. The stoping of Sacagawea might non be clear, but her narrative of the Wild West and will ever be remembered for old ages to come. Julia Boggs Dent Grant was born on January 26, 1826 in St. Louis, Missouri to born to â€Å" Colonel † Frederick Dent. He was a successful plantation proprietor. The female parent of Julia was Ellen Bray Wrenshall Dent. She was a really educated adult female and made certain her kids were excessively. Therefore, Julia was sent to go to the local school that was run by John F. Long. Subsequently, to be enrolled in a boarding school called the Mauro Boarding School. She went to school at that place for seven old ages and being at that place, Julia grew fond of her literature classs. She read The Dashing Lieutenant and said that she was traveling to get married a solider one twenty-four hours. She returned place in 1844 and met Ulysses Grant for the first clip when he came to see his west point roomie and her older brother. Ulysses and Julia were mesmerized by each other. They had a batch in common. For illustration, they both loved novels and were raised as rigorous Methodist ch urchs. Ulysses admired Julia ‘s sprit, and they both shared a love of Equus caballuss. This may be a great lucifer for Julia, but her male parent did non O.K. . Just before Ulysses was ordered to Louisiana, he proposed to Julia, and she said yes, of class. Her male parent did non cognize of this at all. They were eventually married on August 22, 1848. Rumors went around that Ulysses was a rummy, but Julia defended him stating, â€Å" Sam merely drunk when he was lonely for his familyaˆÂ ¦ † ( Julia Grant ) The grant household had a difficult life together and moved from topographic point to topographic point. The household eventually found their forever place in galena, Illinois. The civil war came and went. That was a difficult clip for the household, but they pushed though. Ulysses became president on March 4, 1869. Julia loved and adored being the first lady, but when she found out one twenty-four hours that the white house ‘s staff was non leting inkiness s at a response, she was non really pleased. When Ulysses left office, they traveled around the universe, and Julia found joy one time once more. They returned place and Ulysses was diagnosed with malignant neoplastic disease. He died and Julia was so devastated that she could non convey herself to go to his funeral. Julia dies December 14, 1902, at the age 76. She is buried following to her hubby in the national memorial. Anne Hutchinson was a courageous adult female and was born July 20, 1595 in England. Her male parent, Reverend Francis Marbury, was a deacon at Christ church and was imprisoned for prophesying against the inutility of English curates. Anne was educated at place by reading many of her male parent ‘s divinity and faith books. Having grown up during the persecution of the Catholics and Separatists under Elizabeth and James I, Anne developed a sense of the thought of faith freedom and the thought of rights for all. 21 old ages of her life passed, and William Hutchinson oculus found Anne. Her courted her or flirted with her until they were married on August 9, 1612. She finally moved to Massachusetts Bay with her hubby and household. Anne started out, in her community at Massachusetts Bay, really liked because of her encephalon and contemplation, but shortly ran into jobs when she spoke of her spiritual positions and was seen as an vocal adult female. Interested in of import theolog ical issues, Anne begins to keep hebdomadal meetings in her place after Sunday services. The attending of these meetings grew readily and even had caught the oculus of some of the local taking citizens who started to go to every bit good. After holding established her function as the treatment leader, she revealed at the meeting her back uping position of the efficaciousness of religion entirely as the manner to redemption. Her position was contrasting to the position of the Puritans that the manner to redemption was good plants. She even told the meeting of her position that God showed himself to anyone without the demand of a clergy. A adult male named John Winthrop warned Anne about her spiritual positions. He said this to her â€Å" aˆÂ ¦women could make irreparable harm to their encephalons by chew overing deep theological mattersaˆÂ ¦ † ( John Winthrop ) This position of adult females was common in this twenty-four hours of age, but still Anne went on disregar ding John Winthrop ‘s warning. Because of Anne ‘s refusal to halt her ‘silly ‘ positions, Winthrop and John Cotton led an resistance of Anne Hutchison. Anne and her followings were charged of the antinomian unorthodoxy. Anne went before the general tribunal in 1637. The tribunal found her guilty and banished her organize the bay settlement. She moved to a settlement in Portsmouth, Rhode Island. Anne Hutchison is a really of import individual in American history because without her America would ne'er hold developed the construct of spiritual freedom in the Constitution ‘s measure of rights. Indians killed Anne Hutchison at East Chester, New York in 1643. This may be a tragic stoping to such an astonishing adult female, but she will ever be remembered for her positions on freedom of faith, freedom of idea, and freedom to idolize. Abigail Smith Adams was born November 11, 1744 in Weymouth, Massachusetts to Elizabeth Quincy Smith and Reverend William Smith. Like most of the misss back so, she did non hold a formal instruction, but took advantage of her male parent ‘s library and reading the Bible. Her male parent is the curate of the North Parish Congregational Church of Weymouth. Even though most of Abigail ‘s relations were merchandisers and ship captains, she was raised in a simple, rural environment. Her instruction was home edge, where she learned how to run up, and how to work with all right needlecraft, and cookery. She learned how to read and compose, every bit good. Her deficiency of a existent instruction became a womb-to-tomb sorrow for her. She met John Adams in 1759, and they are reacquainted two old ages subsequently. They are married on October 25, 1764. They had many values and positions in common. In the 10 old ages, they were married they had four kids. The radical war spilt them a part. While John went to war for his state, Abigail and her kids tended to their farm. During this clip, Abigail sent legion letters to her hubby, relations, and friends. These letters are all of import, but one missive of hers in peculiar changed the class of history forever. In this missive, she wrote, â€Å" I long to hear that you have declared an independence — and by the manner in the new Code of Laws which I suppose it will be necessary for you to do I desire you would retrieve the Ladies, and be more generous and favourable to them than your ascendants. Do non set such limitless power into the custodies of the Husbands. Remember all Men would be autocrats if they could. If peculiar attention and attending is non paid to the Ladies we are determined to agitate a Rebellion, and will non keep ourselves bound by any Laws in which we have no voice, or Representation † ( Adams, Abigail ) . This missive states that if work forces had all of the power, they would tyran ts etc. Abigail wrote down her ideas and advocated for adult females ‘s rights because she believe she could alter how work forces saw adult females. John went into office and Abigail became the first married woman to remain in the white house with her hubby. Many old ages passed and Abigail died of enteric fever febrility and surrounded by household members she died October 28, 1818. Abigail Adams was an astonishing adult female and she fought to pattern a place for adult females in political relations. If Abigail decided non to talk her head, adult females today would ne'er hold been able to hold a place in the authorities and in political relations. As the remainder of these adult females, she will ever be remembered for old ages to come. Harriet Beecher Stowe was born on June 14, 1811, in Litchfield, Connecticut. Her parents were Lyman Beecher and Roxanna Foote Beecher. Her female parent died when Harriet was merely a kid. Harriet was enrolled in school that followed the class of classical acquisition that was normally reserved for immature work forces. When she was 21, she moved to Cincinnati, Ohio. Her male parent took a strong emancipationist stance when he lived through the pro-slavery Cincinnati Riots of 1836. His position strengthened Harriet ‘s abolitionist belief and made her more strongly an emancipationist. She found like-minded friends in a local literary association called the Semi-Colon Club. One of them being a Calvin Ellis Stowe and they married on January 6, 1836. When Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Law, motivating hurt and hurt in emancipationist and free black communities of the North, Harriet Decided to revenge by composing a literary representation of bondage called Uncle Tom ‘s Ca bin. Her book went on to be a really celebrated book. She wrote many other books, every bit good. Afer many old ages of Writing, she dies on July 1, 1896 in Hartford, Connecticut. Womans are an of import add-on to society, now and so. They are and will ever be the anchor of our civilisation. While raising a kid, Sacagawea and her hubby helped, Lewis and Clark discover the West for the United States. She had the bravery to alternatively of returning to her folk, she wanted to go on on the journey though the Wild West with her hubby, her kid, Lewis and Clark. Julia Boggs Dent Grant pushed her hubby to go president and many adult females like to believe she is the existent ground why Ulysses Grant did what he did in his clip as president. Anne Hutchinson spoke her head and was punished for it, but she still went on and is the ground our state has freedom of faith in our Bill of Rights. Abigail Adams was a courageous adult female. She had the bravery to talk her head, as Anne Hutchison did in her clip, to recommend and pattern a function for adult females in public personal businesss. She even had the backbones plenty to direct letters to her hubby warning him wha t would go on if work forces got all the power in our state. Harriet Beecher Stowe may non hold truly advocated for adult females ‘s rights, but she was an emancipationist and a damn good one at that. These five adult females are merely some of the few adult females who did something they thought was and stuck with it. Womans like these are difficult to come of these yearss and adult females today who refuse to see their function as a soundless background will ever do history that is great plenty for the history books no affair what. All it toke from this five adult females was one belief or value they had to alter the universe how they thought it should be like. Womans have existed alongside work forces for around 10,000 old ages, but work forces, in history books, have ever had the limelight on their workss, their journeys, and their lives, but adult females are the anchor of our society, now and so.

Home Management Essay

The ability to work at Home Management people can now perform their work at home. For those who devote more time for their works, they can extend their working hours by performing their office works at the comfort of their own home. As long as there is an internet connection, and as long as the access at home is allowed, anyone authorize person can really become more productive. Problems associated with Online Intranet However, there are problems associated with internet-based intranet like: security, down-time, and internet connection failure. The issue with security as mentioned earlier is controlled by a firewall. Access to information is limited according to the type of authorization that will be given to an authorize user. Like an information system, users might be assigned as an administrator, and a plain or limited user. Those files which are confidential might be accessible only using the administrator accounts. As long as the username and passwords remain secured, the access to the site remains 99% secured. Down-time errors mostly associated with server breakdowns and system failures can be addressed by an effective maintenance schedules. Most IT people assign a once a month down-time period scheduled for system maintenance which takes mostly an average of 1 to 3 hours. This is not bad at all compared to the amount of effective working time of the system. Internet connection failure is mostly associated with weather condition and occurrence of disaster which does not occur at all times. Internet Service Providers (ISPs) had already developed secured connection lines to mitigate these problems. Conclusion Internet based intranet is very beneficial in information sharing, and communication lines for all branches of FYC. It is an effective cost cutting technique, effective reduction of volumes of papers produced in transactions. It helps achieve consistency in information sharing, faster and reliable information retrieval, and offers flexibility in performing all forms of top level management tasks for management people.

Marketing of Lifeboy Soap †A Unilever Product

Marketing of Lifeboy Soap – A Unilever Product Free Online Research Papers 1. Introduction Linking the brand to some other entity- some source factor or related person, place or thing- may create a new set of associations from the brand to the entity as well as affect existing brand associations. That is, brands themselves may be linked to other entities that have their own knowledge structures in the minds of consumers. Because of these linkages, consumers may assume or infer that some of the associations or responses that characterize the other entities may also be true for the brand. Thus in effect, some associations or responses become transferred from other entities to the brand. In other words, the brand essentially borrows some brand knowledge and, depending on the nature of those associations and responses, perhaps some brand equity from other entities. In this paper, we have analyzed how endorsement of another entity has leveraged LIFEBUOYS’ image in the consumer mind and has affected the business, i.e. the sales growth. 2. About Unilever In the 1980s, William Hesketh Lever, founder of Lever Brothers, wrote down his ideas for Sunlight Soap- his revolutionary new product that helped popularize cleanliness and hygiene in Victorian England. It was ‘to make cleanliness commonplace; to lessen work for women; to foster health and contribute to personal attractiveness that life may be more enjoyable and rewarding for the people who use our products.’ This was long before the phrase ‘Corporate Mission’ has been invented, but these ideas have stayed in the heart of their business. Even if their language-and the notion of only women doing housework-has become outdated. In a history that now crosses three centuries, Unilever’s success has been influenced by the major events of the day-economic boom, depression, world wars, changing consumer lifestyles and advances in technology. And throughout they have created products that help people get more out of life-cutting the time spent on household chores, improving nutrition, enabling people to enjoy food and take care of their homes, their clothes and themselves. In the 19th century the business that would later become Unilever were among the most philanthropic of their time. They set up projects to improve a lot of their workers and created products with a positive social impact, making hygiene and personal care commonplace and improving nutrition through adding vitamins to foods that were already daily staples. Today, Unilever still believes that success means acting with ‘the highest standards of corporate behavior towards their employees, consumers and the societies and world in which we live.’ Over the years they have launched or participated in an ever-growing range of initiatives to source sustainable supplies of raw materials, project environments, support local communities and much more. With 400 brands spanning 14 categories of home, personal care and food products, no other company touches so many people’s lives in so many different ways. Although Unilever wasn’t formed until 1930, the companies that joined forces to create the business we know today they are already well established before the start of the 20th century. Unilever is now one of the world’s biggest companies, but takes the decision to focus its portfolio, and rationalize its business to focus on core products and brands. 3. Unilever in Bangladesh Over the last four decades, Unilever Bangladesh has been constantly bringing new and world-class products for the Bangladesh people to remove the daily drudgery of life. Over 90% of the country’s households use one or more of their products. Their business mainly focuses on Fast Moving Consumer Goods Company with local manufacturing facilities, reporting to regional business groups for innovation and business results. The constitution states that Unilever holds 60.75% and the Government of Bangladesh holds 39.25% of shares. Their product categories features Household Care, Fabric Cleaning, Skin Cleansing, Skin Care, Oral Care, Hair Care, Personal Grooming, Tea based Beverages. Their manufacturing facility includes a soap manufacturing factory and a Personal Products factory located in Chittagong. Unilever operations in Bangladesh provide employment to over 10,000 people directly and through its dedicated suppliers, distributors and service providers. 99.5% of UBL employees are locals and they have equal number of Bangladeshis working abroad in other Unilever companies as expatriates. 4. About Lifebuoy Lifebuoy is one of Unilever’s oldest brands, a brand that was truly ‘global’ before the term ‘global brand’ was invented. Lifebuoy Royal Disinfectant Soap was launched in 1894 as an affordable new product in the UK, to support people in their quest for better personal hygiene. Soon after launch, Lifebuoy soap traveled across the world, reaching countries such as India and Bangladesh, where even today it is still the market leading brand. Lifebuoy has been a successful product as well in our country right from their start of operations for more than four decades now. What makes Lifebuoy so unique and acceptable is its unique formulations. Lifebuoy’s antibacterial ingredients in all its products make it superior to all other ordinary soaps, giving 100% better germ protection. Good health, protection against most skin germs and control of body odor make up the core objectives of the brand. 5. Products of Lifebuoy (2000-2006) Lifebuoy started its journey with a single product named ‘ Lifebuoy Antibacterial Soap’ this was a carbolic soap with strong fragrance their target market were the male consumers with low income. But with the growing time, technology consumer demand they came up with different line extensions of their product, this time they targeted the family consumers of middle upper-middle class. In the year of 2000-2001, Lifebuoy came up with the following product lines: Lifebuoy Antibacterial soap Lifebuoy re-launched itself in new package Lifebuoy Gold ïÆ' ° Lifebuoy re-launched it self in a new packaging system ïÆ' ° In order to acquire new consumers of soap market they introduced a new product with improved qualities named ‘Lifebuoy Gold’. With the introduction of the Lifebuoy Gold variant, the brand added a complete new dimension to its image. Lifebuoy Gold has now brought the whole family into its bubble of health and protection. It is yet another innovative antibacterial formulation promised to serve all members and requirements in the home from controlling adolescent pimples and body odour to protecting cuts and bruises from further infection. Its mildness along with the goodness of beauty soap makes it convenient for use by the whole family. In the year 2002-2003 lifebuoy again re-launched it-self with a newer look for two times. ïÆ' ° It changed the shape of the bar ïÆ' ° It changed the packaging ïÆ' ° It changed the promotional activities In the year 2004 Lifebuoy again came up with the following line extensions: Lifebuoy Antibacterial soap Lifebuoy antibacterial soap Lifebuoy Gold Lifebuoy Strong Lifebuoy Neem Lifebuoy gold Lifebuoy gold White Pink ïÆ' ° They introduced two different product formulations ‘Lifebuoy strong’ ‘Lifebuoy neem’ under the existing lifebuoy soap for the same target market. For generations natural herbal ingredients like Neem has been reverred for its antiseptic qualities. Lifebouy Neem soap has brought in the do-good qualities of Neem to the promise of protection from germs offered by Lifebouy soap. ïÆ' ° They also introduced two different fragrances colors for the whole middle-class consumers Finally In the year 2005-2006 Lifebuoy came up with different changes in their product lines. Lifebuoy Lifebuoy Total Lifebuoy Gold Gold Care Gold Nourish Gold Deo-fresh Gold Nature 6. Lifebuoy’s leveraging activities worldwide Lifebuoy saves life Consistent in Lifebuoy’s 110+ history has been its championing of health through hygiene. The brands core promise of protection and a commitment to support life through unbeatable protection is at the heart of the brand name itself-Lifebuoy, the guarantee of protection when you are threatened. For example, a 1930’s campaign in the US was titled ‘Clean hands help guard health’ encouraging the use of lifebuoy soap to kill the germs on hands that can cause health issues. A similar campaign continues today, with Lifebuoy hygiene education programs ongoing in countries like India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Indonesia and Vietnam. A helping hand According to the World Health Organization, diarrhea is the single largest cause of preventable death, killing 2.2 million people every year. In 2003, it killed 600 000 children aged under five in India alone. It’s been estimated that if everyone washed their hands properly at key times during the day, up to half of all childhood deaths from diarrhea-more than one million children- could be avoided. Lifebuoy has always played a role in terms of crisis, helping to prevent the spread of germs and disease: During the Blitz of London in 1940, Lifebuoy soap provided free emergency mobile washing facilities to Londoners. Lifebuoy vans were equipped with hot showers, soap and towel. In the aftermath of the Tsunami in Asia in December 2004, Lifebuoy bars were a key element in the relief packages distributed in Southern India, Sri Lanka and Indonesia to help prevent the spread of infectious diseases so endemic in the aftermath of such disasters. In 2005, over 200 000 bars of Lifebuoy soap were donated to UNICEF and the International Committee of the Red Cross to support their earthquake relief operations in Northern India and Pakistan. Revitalizing the brand Since 2000, major changes have been made to the Classic Lifebuoy Soap bar to ensure that it provides improved hygiene protection and a more enjoyable healthy washing experience for its billions of consumers. Lifebuoy soap’s classic hard red brick shape has been replaced with a new signature Lifebuoy shape. The new shape makes the bar easier to grip and use. The Lifebuoy Brand team has developed a new formulation providing even better germ protection that creates a rich lather on the skin. Lifebuoy soap’s characteristic medicated, carbolic smell has been replaced with a more enjoyable and contemporary ‘health’ fragrance. Lifebuoy has become more than just a red bar of soap-today the brand provides hygiene and health solutions for families, including a range of bar soaps, hand wash liquids and liquid shower gels. The most recent Lifebuoy innovation addressed the number one skin hygiene and health concerns for teens and twins: oily and acne prone skin. Lifebuoy Clear Skin is a bar soap formulated using radical new technology that is clinically proven to reduce even severe acne, by 70% in 6 weeks. Regular use, twice a day is proven to prevent and reduce the recurrence of acne. 7. Leveraging activity in Bangladesh As the people of Bangladesh are quite attached to Broadcast and outdoor media, in order to leverage the brand in the Bangladeshi market Lifebuoy has used these two medias to a great extent. Lifebuoy has always promoted itself as health soap, while promoting the brand to the target consumers Lifebuoy has always used relevant endorsements such as- Doctors in dramatic situation: it is a common phenomenon that the consumers than the other products mostly prefer health products suggested or prescribed by the doctors. Keeping these facts in mind Lifebuoy has promoted itself in such a way where dramatic doctors are endorsed in the TV commercials where they certify Lifebuoy as an anti bacterial medicated soap and suggest the consumers to use Lifebuoy for 100% health protection. Here Lifebuoy is leveraged by linking the image and the goodwill of the doctor. Using the RIPH (Royal Institute of Public Health) logo- it is seen that consciously or unconsciously we give more preference to those health products that are recommended by the International health organizations. It gives us a sense of security to use the recommended products rather than using other products. To provide the consumers with the sense of security, and to attract them Lifebuoy uses the seal of approval of RIPH on every package of Lifebuoy soap, which certifies the Lifebuoy to be 100% anti bacterial soap. Using the approval seal leverages the brand image of Lifebuoy in the consumer mind. Using relative slogan and jingles- as a health soap Lifebuoy always uses such slogan and jingles which concentrates on promising health protection to the consumers. For example- â€Å"din bhor shashtho surokkha† and jingles like – â€Å"Shastho ke rokha kore Lifebuoy, Lifebuoy jekhane shashtho shekhane.† Unilever’s logo-whether it is the package or the promotional activities Lifebuoy always uses the official logo of Unilever and the reason is none other than the goodwill or Unilever. Using the logo of Unilever leverages the brand equity of Lifebuoy. Event Management (Lifebuoy shashtho chetona)- through different types of awareness program and customer relationship building programs Lifebuoy leverages its brand equity. Among all ‘Lifebuoy shashtho chetona’ is the one where a team of Lifebuoy employees goes to the rural area and there they educate the rural people about the effects of hygiene on the health. 8. Comparing the Past with the Present (2000 2006) according to our observation: Product ïÆ' ° In the year 2000 they only had a single product of a single size that was formulated as carbolic soap with strong fragrance. ïÆ' ° In the year 2006 they have two different product lines with 5 products. Target Market ïÆ' ° In the year 2000 the target market were the lower class male consumers. ïÆ' ° In the year 2006 they taken the whole body soap market of Bangladesh as their Target. Pricing ïÆ' ° In the year 2000 the lifebuoy red brick soap was priced only 6 tk. ïÆ' ° In the year 2006 following the value pricing strategy their products are priced between 5tk-20tk. Quality: ïÆ' ° In the year 2000 they only concentrated on the health care properties of the soap. The fragrant was strong it used to be a carbolic soap that only took care of the washing the dirt from the root. ïÆ' ° In the year 2006 they have different formulation of soap for different type of target consumers with different fragrant. Packaging ïÆ' ° In terms of packaging in the year 2000, their packaging consisted of basic elementary packaging system with simplified paper wrapping system. The packaging was unattractive, ineffective. ïÆ' ° Whereas they have developed a high quality packaging system with different colors slogans. 9. Recently Used IMC Strategies Television Radio Print Media- News Paper Magazines. ïÆ' ° Above the Line Promotion Outdoor media- Billboard, Wall painting. POS- Posters, Buntings, Danglers, shop signs, in-store merchandising. Poster Bunting Billboard Rural Campaigning- ‘Shastho Chetona’ (already have communicated more than 7 million people of Bangladesh) ïÆ' ° Below the Line Promotion Lifebuoy gold market storming- One to one marketing 10. Changes in Leveraging the Outcome The year 2000 to 2006, its only six years, but the changes in Leveraging has changed the market scenario for Lifebuoy to a great extent. The Leveraging changes are highlighted below- Year Leveraging Before 2000 i) Only endorsed the rural male figure in their promotional activity. ii) Used the parent company logo only in the packages. 2000-2001 i) Endorsed football players of national team ii) Changed the packaging iii) Launched a new product changed the Promotional Activity iv) Started doing event management (Shastho Chetona) 2002-2004 i) Modernized the TV commercials ii) Targeted New Market iii) Came up with New Product line iv) Endorsed dramatic spokesman 2005-2006 i) Started using the parent company name in the TVCs ii) Revitalized their product lines. Because of the changes in leveraging the brand Lifebuoy experienced changes in sales, market share, net profit. The approximate results are given bellow. ïÆ' ° Till now Market share has increased by more than 6% compared to the Market share of 2000. ïÆ' ° Sales has increased twice compared to the sales of the year 2000 ïÆ' ° NPS has increased by more than 15% compared to the year 2000. ïÆ' ° Lifebuoy has equalized the sales with the Lux the market leader of Soap market in Bangladesh. 11. Findings Recommendations: Although it has been found in the report that lifebuoy is already very much successful with their current strategies. We have found some points that they could have done to leverage the products we’d suggest to look into these tiny lacking for further success. The findings are highlighted bellow- ïÆ' ° They could have made TVCs using the Bangladeshi spokes persons. ïÆ' ° They shouldn’t have used dubbed the Indian TVCs. ïÆ' ° They could use publicly popular personality, such as- movie actors, beauty contest winner or sportsman to add some prestige to the brand. ïÆ' ° They should introduce liquid body wash shower gel in Bangladesh for the upper-class people. Research Papers on Marketing of Lifeboy Soap - A Unilever ProductAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaDefinition of Export QuotasAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementGenetic EngineeringInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andOpen Architechture a white paperTwilight of the UAW19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThree Concepts of Psychodynamic

Annotated Bibliography High School Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Annotated Bibliography High School - Essay Example Within the context of the stated, the act of adultery is just an illicit sexual encounter and not one woman's symbolic defiance of society's shackles. Bender critically analyses mood, symbolism and language in several of Kate Chopin's short stories, including "The Storm." As he contends, Chopin carefully selects language, not only to reflect mood but to convey atmosphere. As an example of this, Bender highlights the language used to describe the love scene, illustrating the extent to which it echoes both the raging weather and the storm of emotions exploding from within the depths of either of the two characters. According to Bender, there is an undeniable lyrical/poetic quality to Chopin's writing. Readers may independently arrive at a similar conclusion. A reading of the scene in question indicates that, length-wise, it is really quite sparse but, nevertheless, language selection communicates meaning behind words.

The War of 1812 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The War of 1812 - Essay Example 218-19). In 1807, Jefferson persuade Congress to pass a drastic measure, the Embargo Act, prohibiting American ships from engaging in any trade with any foreign port; he thought it would punish the British by denying them American agricultural goods, but, instead, it was "a complete disaster for the economy" (Roark; pp. 218-219). It hit New England merchants and southern planters particularly hard, bringing trade to standstill. It was also hard to enforce, and had little of the intended impact on the British who simply turned to South American countries for agricultural goods. (Roark; pp. 218-219). The embargo stayed in place until Jefferson left office, but was then replaced by the Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 which prohibited trade with only Britain, France, and other colonial possessions (Roark, et al; pp.218-219). In 1810 the Act expired and was replaced by a new law that reopened free commercial relations with either Britain or France, whichever stopped restrictions on neutral shipping f irst. (Roark, et al; pp.218-219). Napoleon, wanting to entice the United States into re-imposing its embargo against England, declared that France would never interfere with American shipping. Madison believed the French and reinstated the embargo against England, but French leaders continued to seize American ships. Many Americans felt that the nation was on the verge of war, but were unsure whether the correct target was England or France (Roark, et al; pp.219-220) "But maritime issues were only part of the reason for the conflict between the United States and Britain" which led up to the 1812 War. (Roark, et al; pp.219-220). In the face of constant encroachments of white settlers west onto Indian lands, Indians began consolidating alliances with British Indian agents (Roark, et al; pp.219-220). American concern over this was compounded by the two "dynamic Shawnee Indian leaders", war Chief Tecumseh, and his mystical brother Tenskwatawa, known as the "prophet", who united many tribes of Indiana, Ohio, and Michigan in a confederation to protect their lands. (Roark, et al; pp.219-220). The Governor of Indiana Territory, William Henry Harrison, negotiated a treaty with "unrepresentative Indians" to purchase three million acres of territory at bargain prices, thus helping Tecumseh work with southern tribes as well. In 1811, alarmed at the brothers' growing power, Harrison met the Shawnees at Tippecanoe Creek, and captured and destroyed their strong hold, Prophetstown. (Roark, et al; pp. 220-222). After Tippecanoe, Tecumseh allied with British military commanders in Lower Canada, and American conflicts with the Indians soon merged into a broader confrontation with England. In June 1812, Congress declared war on England in a "sectionalized vote" with New Englanders largely opposing it (Roark, et al; pp. 223). The war did not go well: a planned invasion of Canada failed, and the British grabbed forts on the Great Lakes. On the home front, New Englanders, led by Federalist merchants, openly opposed the war, and carried on illegal trade with England. (Roark, et al; pp. 223). Federalists gained political strength in the election of 1812, demonstrating discontent with the war. American fortunes improved somewhat with